Design and Simulation of High Power Solar LED Street Light Based on Single Chip Microcomputer

Introduction: This paper mainly introduces the design of solar LED street light panel, solar cell and battery selection, and analyzes and discusses the circuit design and working principle of each part of the street lamp in detail, and applies Protues and keil software to charge the LED street lamp. The boost circuit and the control circuit were simulated. The simulation results are consistent with the design specifications.

1 Introduction

As the fourth-generation lighting source, LED is gaining more and more applications in urban beautification, road lighting, courtyard lighting, indoor lighting and other fields with its unique advantages. Especially in remote and unpowered areas, solar lighting fixtures have been rapidly promoted and applied with their unstoppable advantages. An author discussed the installation of solar panels in LED lights, the function of the controller, the placement of lead storage batteries and the constant current drive circuit, but did not give the design and simulation of the key circuits such as controllers. Other authors have explained the principles to be followed in the design of LED streetlights from the aspects of light source design, drive circuit design and heat dissipation design, but the circuits used are not intelligent and cannot be programmed.

This paper designs and simulates an intelligent control based on AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer, and the power is about 40W solar LED street light. It adopts dual power supply mode, with light control and time control functions, and strong anti-interference ability. This paper mainly introduces the design of solar LED street light panel, solar cell and battery selection, and analyzes and discusses the circuit design and working principle of each part of street lamp in detail, and applies Protues and keil software to charge circuit and boost of LED street lamp. The circuit and control circuit were simulated. The simulation results are consistent with the design specifications.

2, solar LED street lamp hardware circuit design

2.1 system hardware components

The solar LED street lamp system is mainly composed of four parts: a solar cell module, an LED lamp, a lamp post and a control box (with a charger, a controller, a battery, etc.). The total power of the solar LED street lamp designed in this paper is about 40W. The structural schematic diagram of the circuit is shown in Figure 1. It can be seen that the system uses dual power supply. The system circuit is mainly composed of a solar battery, a battery, a charging circuit, a boosting circuit, a control circuit, an electric LED driving circuit and an LED array.

Figure 1 Solar LED street light system structure

2.2 LED working principle and circuit design

LED has voltage-sensitive characteristics. This design uses 30 white LEDs of HKP2D1W1 manufactured by Hangke Electronics Co., Ltd. From the LED characteristic graph shown in Figure 2(A), when the forward voltage reaches 314V. In the future, as long as the forward voltage is slightly changed, the forward current will vary greatly. In order to obtain the desired brightness and to avoid the forward current exceeding the highest rated current of the LED, the LED driving method used herein is current driving.

The LED array is in the form of 5 rows and 6 columns, and the circuit is shown in Figure 2(B). LEDs use the same batch of products from the same company, so that the characteristics of each LED can be considered to be basically the same. Therefore, the current flowing through each column of LEDs is 350 mA, which is the typical operating current of the LED of this type. The system's illumination power is about 40W, and the luminous flux is about 1200lm.

Figure 2 LED characteristic curve and column diagram

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