Design of LED light source and light guiding point and laser dot design of light guide plate

The design of the dot of the light guide plate is generally divided into two types: silk screen printing and laser dot drilling. The basic principle is to use the professional dot design software to carry out simulation calculation, calculate the arrangement of the light guide plate dots, and then optimize the adjustment of the manual operation details. Firstly, the most original dot distribution is established, and the optical simulation software is used to obtain the illuminance distribution map of the light surface. According to the illuminance target value and the illuminance analog value comparison, the density of the dot density will be adjusted. When the illuminance simulation value is greater than the illuminance target value, the dot density of the region is lowered. If the illuminance simulation value is less than the illuminance target value, the dot density of the region is increased. When the difference between the illuminance analog value and the illuminance target value is less than the set error value, the operation is stopped.

Screen printing light guide dot design : According to each different module, design the printing stencil (the screen operation is first made by the dot, then the film is output, and finally to the net), and then the ink is printed on the acrylic sheet. light spot. This printed stencil can only be used for the corresponding module. If the module is changed, the printed stencil needs to be redesigned.

Laser light guide screen design: mainly using laser marking machine equipment (also using laser cutting machine , but the process precision is worse than the marking machine) for the design of the network. First need to check the module, such as the dense arrangement of the lamp beads, and then operate the size and density of the dots on the computer, and finally directly on the acrylic material (the laser dot design that needs attention is based on the acrylic plate, if it is PC sheets cannot be designed with laser dots)

The coupling of the light guide plate dots to the LED light :
The operation principle of silk screen and laser dot design is roughly described above, but after the design work of the dot is completed, it is necessary to test the designed dot, such as whether the brightness can reach a satisfactory level; whether there are spots or dark areas, etc. It involves the coupling of the light guide plate dots and LED light.

Since most of the current light sources use LEDs, LED light sources are used as an example. The light emitted by the LED light bar is optically formed to form a surface light source through the light guide plate, and then a light spot having a uniform brightness color is emitted on the diffusion plate and the brightness enhancement film. However, due to the use of the diffusion plate and the brightness enhancement film, the cost is too high, and the overuse also causes the loss of light to be intensified. Therefore, the light distribution uniformity of the light guide plate is basically increased by the optical design of the light guide plate-side-side backlight design. .

The coupling design of the light guide plate and the LED light is divided into direct coupling and indirect coupling. The direct coupling structure is simple, and the efficiency of LED light entering the light guide plate can be improved. The disadvantage is that the RGB three-color light entering the light guide plate cannot be fully mixed, and the uniformity of the color of the light output is not high, and the influence on the structure of the light path in the light guide plate is particularly obvious. The advantage of indirect coupling is that the color can be fully mixed, and the light is scattered and atomized before being incident on the light guide plate to improve uniformity. Another way is to improve the uniformity of light through the coupling design of free-form surfaces. These designs use free-form surfaces, which in turn reduces the size of the system.

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